中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
感染新冠是否影响备孕？产后还能母乳喂养吗？****** 新华社哈尔滨1月9日电（记者杨思琪）感染新冠病毒是否影响备孕？孕妇感染后要怎么治疗？产后还能母乳喂养吗？……围绕这些热点问题，哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院产科主任黄明莉进行了解答。 “孕产妇感染新冠病毒后，症状和普通人群接近，主要是上呼吸道感染，比如咳嗽、咽痛、鼻塞、流涕、全身酸痛、发烧，病程一般为5天至7天。”黄明莉说，轻症者可以居家隔离、对症处理，注意多饮水、多休息，发烧时可采取物理降温，如温水擦浴等。如果体温升高达到38.5摄氏度及以上，可服用对乙酰氨基酚等退烧药，也可在咨询医生后适当服用一些中成药。 “本身患有高血压、糖尿病等基础病的孕产妇要格外注意。”黄明莉建议，在选择药物时，一定要先咨询医生或药师，告知之前服用的药物，避免出现药物之间相互作用。如果有明显病情加重迹象，如胸痛、咳血、呼吸困难、呼吸次数增多，基础病加重，持续高烧超过39摄氏度，或者胎动异常、腹痛、阴道出血等，要及时到医院就诊。 孕妇感染后，必须在相应孕周范围内完成重要产检项目，可提前网上预约挂号，按照相关规定有序产检。为了避免增加交叉感染机会，非必要产检项目可选择延后。 “如果在临近预产期感染新冠，要提前了解医院相关要求。”黄明莉建议，如果一旦出现临产或先兆临产情况，请随时联系120急救车或乘私家车赶到医院。如果没有自然分娩禁忌症或其他剖宫产指征，可在医护人员监测下进行阴道分娩。 “孕产妇感染新冠或者曾经感染新冠，一般不会通过宫内传播给胎儿。”黄明莉介绍，感染期的产妇分娩后，如果母婴同室建议戴好口罩，但不建议在哺乳之外长时间密切接触，可使用布帘、屏风等物理屏障，不建议给新生儿戴口罩或采用塑料面屏等遮挡面部。 黄明莉说，对于轻症和无症状感染者，或者在哺乳期感染的产妇，建议在母乳喂养时佩戴N95口罩，做好乳房、手部消毒。也可暂停直接哺乳，在消毒防护的情况下吸出乳汁，由他人使用奶瓶喂养。 受访人士指出，对于备孕人群，如不急于生育，建议备孕人群转阴且完善相关检查评估后再备孕。 此外，黄明莉提醒，孕产妇要加强自身防护，出门务必戴口罩，去医院就诊要戴N95口罩，随时携带免洗洗手液或消毒湿巾，就诊前尽量预先安排就诊时间，减少在医院停留时间，回家后妥善处理口罩，及时更换衣物、洗手洗脸，有条件的还可以选择远程医疗。 168彩票地图 |
